Tertullian, On the Apparel of Women, 196-212 C.E.

 

. . . in order that by every garb of penitence she might the more fully expiate that which she derives from Eve--the ignominy, I mean, of the first sin, and odium [attaching to her as the cause] of human perdition . . . . In pains and in anxiety dost thou bear, woman; and toward thine husband [is] thy inclination, and he lords it over thee . . . . And do you not know that you are [each] an Eve? The sentence of God on this sex of yours lives in this age; the guilt must of necessity live too.

 

You are the devil’s gateway; you are the unsealer of that [forbidden] tree; you are the first deserter of the divine law; you are she who persuaded him whom the devil was not valiant enough to attack. You destroyed so easily God’s image, man. On account of your desert [i.e., punishment], that is, death--even the Son of God had to die.

 

 

 

Epistle of Pope Gelasius to bishops of southern Italy, 494

 

Nevertheless we have heard to our annoyance that divine affairs have come to such a low state that women are encouraged to officiate at the sacred altars, and to take part in all matters imputed to the offices of the male sex, to which they do not belong.

 

 

Inscriptions refering to women as presbyters, 5th century

Tomb epitaph: "Sacred to her good memory. Leta the Presbyter(a) lived 40 years 8 months, 9 days, for whom her husband set up this tomb."

Inscription on sarcophagus: "Theodosius acquired for three golden solids a plot in the cemetery of Salona from the presbytera Flavia Vitalia."