Review Sheet

Chapter 1

Terms:

Thucydides
Homonids
Pliestocene
Savanas
Australopithecus
"Out of Africa" theory
Homo Sapiens
Genetic Evolution
"Blade Technique"
Pojectiles
Paul Lejeune, S. J.
R. B. Lee
Andaman Islanders
Cave Painting

Discussion Questions:

1. Analyze the rise of early humans on the planet.

2. Discuss the nature and criticisms of the "Out of Africa" theory of human origins.

3. Describe the pattern of life in paleolithic society.

Chapter 2
History 122
Terms:

Neolithic
Incipient Agriculture
Maize
Iron Age
MesoAmerica
"Slash and Burn"
Terrace Agriculture
Vegetative root farming
Field Agriculture
Adobe
Catal Huyuk

Discussion Questions:

1. Why did the transition from food gathering to agriculture "change[d] every aspect of human life?"

2. Compare and contrast lifestyles in the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods.

3. Why did humans take so long to adopt agriculture?

4. What did the regions that adapted agriculture early have in common?

5. Why did the transition from early domestication to insipient agriculture take so long?

6. Compare and contrast the history of agricultural development in Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas.

7. Discuss the importance of ceral grains to agricultural development.

8. How did dogs play a part in the development of sedentary villages?

9. Explain why Eurasian history has been dominated by the rise and fall of great civilizations.
 

Review Sheet
Chapter 3
Terms:
 

Tigris-Euphrates  Metallurgy Plow Mesopotamia Sargon Sumer Bemba Tikal Hammurabi Pictographs

Cuneiform Cheops Vizier  Papyrus Crete Minoan  Knossos  Indus Shang Indo-Europeans Hyksos

Cyrus Achaeans Mycenae Dorian Phoenicians Veda Aryan Zhou

Discussion Questions:

1.What factors influenced the origin of civilizations?

2. What part did technology play in the development of civilization?

3. How did ancient civilizations spread?

4. Compare and contrast the styles of ancient civilizations.

5. Discuss the origin and development of Mesopotamian civilization.

6. Compare and contrast the civilizations of early Egypt, the Indus, and Shang.

7. Assess the significance of the nomad populations.
 

Review Sheet
Chapter 4
Terms:
 

Hittites Iron Lydians  The Odyssey  Persian Empire  Polybius  Mithridates  Sicily  Magna Gracia

Scylax  Alexander  Scythians  Alphabetic Script  Hellenism  Judaism  Edict of Milan  Buddhism  Nirvana  Zoroastrianism

 

Discussion Questions:

1. Discuss the factors involved in the unification of Eurasia.

2. Discuss the significance of iron mongery to unification.

3. Discuss the significance of shipbuilding to unification.

4. How did road building influence the rise of the Persian Empire?

5. Discuss the extent of maritime trade in the era of unification.

6. Explain the term "Hellenistic culture."

7. Compare and contrast the religious beliefs of the Eurasian world.
 

Review Sheet
Chapter 5

Terms:
 

"Dark Age" Socrates Legion City States Illiad Punic Wars Sparta Hesiod Latifundia helots Dionysus

Solon  Euripides  Julius Caesar Areopagus Aristophanes  Octavian Pisistratus  Sophists  Princeps Cleisthenes  Plato

Trajan Council of Five Hundred  Herodotus  Twelve Tablets Pericles  Thucydides  Jus gentum Darius  Metics  Marcus Aurelius

Persian Wars  Olympic Games  Praetorian Guard Marathon  Alexander  Constantine Thermopylae  Euclid  Christianity Delian Confederation

Ptolemy  Barbarians Philip of Macedon  Achaean League  "Organic Disease" Classical Age  Etruscans Hellenistic Age  Senate Polis  Balkins

Panus et circenses Athens Sopocles Gracchi Brothers

Discussion Questions:

Analyze the formation of Grecian civilization.

Define and describe the "Classical Age."

Compare and contrast the Hellenistic Age to the Classical.

What factors influenced the rise of the Roman Republic?

What part did the Punic Wars play in the transition from the Late Republic to the Empire.

Analyze the rise and fall of the Roman Empire.
 

Review Sheet
Chapter Six
 
 

Indo-Aryans	Dasas	Buddha
Punjab	Pariahs	Yoga
Ganges	Caste	Ashoka
Magadha	Hinduism	Pataliputra
Gupta	Brahma	"King's Sixth"
Nanda	Vishnu	Sanskrit
Chandragupta Maurya	Shiva	Kalidasa
Brahmins	Dharma	Sakuntala
Ksatriyas	Karma
Vishyas	Reincarnation
Shudras	Shakya Tribes

 

Discussion Questions:

1. Analyze the Aryan Origins Theory of Indian development.

2. Describe and react to the conception of the caste system.

3. Discuss the role of Buddhism and Hinduism in India.

4. Analyze the rise and fall of the Maurya empire.

5. Analyze the rize and fall of the Gupta Empire.

6. Discuss the linguistic, mathematic, and literary contributions of early Indian society.
 

Review Sheet
Chapter Seven
 
 

Mongoloids	"Burning of the Books"
Eastern Zhou	Wu Ti
Feudalism	Great Wall
"Hundred Schools"	Hsiung-nu
Five Classics	Shih chi
Confucianism	"Mandate of Heaven"
Taoism	Wang Mang
Legalism	Later Han
Ch'in Empire
Shih Huangti

Discussion Questions:

1. Describe and discuss the early successes of the Eastern Zhou.

2. Assess the role of the Five Classicsin Chinese intellectual history.

3. Analyze the intellectual achievements of the Ch'in Empire.

4. What role did bureaucracy play in the development of the Han Empire.

5. Analyze the factors that contributed to the decline of ancient Chinese imperialism.
 

Review Sheet
Chapter Eight
 
 

John Maynard Keynes	Lombards	Charles Martel
"Greek Fire"	Ostrogoths	Pepin
Slavery	Visigoths	Charlemagne
Politics	Tacitus	Norsemen
"Barbarian Invasions"	Huns	Moslems
"Age of Confusion"	Ammianus Marcellinus	Magyars
Raiput	Burgundians	Sassianian
Franks	Merovingians
Vandals	Clovis

Discussion Questions:

1. Discuss the relationship between the great civilizations and the nomads.

2. Assess the main reasons for the decline of classical civilizations.

3. Describe the phenomenon of technological stagnation.

4. Analyze the role of barbarian invasions on the great classical civilizations.

5. Discuss the role of various German and Hun invaders.

6. Analyze the rise of the Frankish Kingdoms through the time of Charlemagne.

7. What is the "Great Western Exception" and why is it significant?
 

Review Sheet
Chapter Nine
 
 

Sung Dynasty	Lateen Rig
Mongols	Gunpowder
Ibn Battuta	Block Print
Ming Dynasty	Magnets
Cheng Ho	Stern Post Rudder
Kublai Khan	Mohammed
Genoa	Cathay
Ilkhan Ghazan	Marco Polo

Discussion Questions:

1. Discuss the role of commerce in the completion of Eurasian unification.

2. What technologies did the Eurasian civilizations share? How did the sharing come about?

3. How did the rise of Islam help to transform Eurasian civilizaiton?

4. Analyze the significance of travellers such as Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo.

Review Sheet
Chapter 10

Terms
 
 

Mohammed	Caliph	Baghdad
Koran	Abu Bakr	The Thousand and One Nights
Allah	Omar	al-Biruni
Day of Judgment	"Ships of the Desert"	House of Wisdom
Islam	Yarmuk River	Hunain ibn-Ishaq
Five Pillars	Qadisiya	Edessa
Mecca	Mowali	Antioch
Black Stone	Umayyad	Jerusalem
Hegira	Abbasid	Tripoli
Ridda	Caliph Mansur	Saladin
Bedouin

Discussion Questions:

1. Discuss the rise of Mohammed as both a religious and civil leader.

2. Explain the reasons behind the expansion of Islam.

3. Compare and Contrast the rise of the Islamic empire to the rise of Rome.

4. Assess the achievements of Islamic civilization.

Review Sheet
Chapter 11

Terms:
 
 

Turks	Hsi Hsia	Danube
Mongols	Batu	Mughals
Seljuks	Golden Horde	Fu Meng-chi
Sultan	Kublai Khan	al-Mamun
Manzikert	Ilkhanate	The Incoherence of Philosophy
Romanus IV	Vijanaqar	al-Ghazzali
Mahmud	Ottoman
Temujin	Uthman

Discussion Questions:

1. Discuss the rise of the Turks to power.

2. Discuss the rise of the Mongols to power.

3. Compare and contrast the style of imperial rule among the Turks, Mongols, and Romans.

4. Compare and contrast the style of imperial rule of Ghengis Khan and Kublai Khan.
 

Review Sheet
Chapter 12

Terms:
 
 

megara	Leo III the Isaurian	Comnenus	Unions of Lyons, Rome, and Florence
Thracians	Themes	"Businessmen's Crusade"	Mohammed II
Trajan	Strategos	Thessaloniki	Ducas
Constantinople	Basil II	Arta	Orthodox Christianity
Kemal Ataturk	Bulgaroktonos	Trebizond	Prince Vladimir
Ankara	Romanaioi	Nicaea	Russian Orthodox
Sea of Marmora	Autokrator	Micheal Palaeologus
Bosphorus	Isapostolos	Constantinople Palaeologus
Justinian	Hagia Sophia	Mistra
Heraclius	Patzinaks	Zealots

Discussion Questions:

1. Analyze the factors that allowed Byzantium to remain intact for a millenium after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

2. Discuss the role of Comnenus in Byzantine history.

3. Discuss the relationships between the Byzantines, Roman Catholics, and Islam.

4. Explain the term "obsolete anachronism" as a description of Byzantine history.

Chapter 13
Terms:
 
 

pluralism	equal field system	Yuan	Taika Reform
Sui Dynasty	Hanlin Academy	Kublai Khan	Fujwara
Formosa	"literocracy"	Peking	dyarchy
Annam	Ch'ang-an	Timur	The Tale of Genji
Champa	"Buddhist Period"	"Son of Heaven"	Samurai
Kansu	sinicization	Ming Dynasty	Bushido
T'ang Dynasty	"Five Dynasties"	ethnocentrism	daimyo
suzerainty	Sung Dynasty	Neo-Confucianism	Za
Tamrin Basin	"gifts"	Chu Hsi	Tokugawa Shogunate
Oxus Valley	Northern Sung	"Celestial Kingdom"
Manchuria	Southern Sung	Yamato Clan

Discussion Questions:

1. Compare and constrast the various Chinese dynastic styles introduced in this chapter.

2. What part did Neo-Confucianism play in traditional Chinese culture?

3. Discuss China's relationship with the rest of the world from Sui Dynasty through the Ming Dynasty.
 

chapter 14
review sheet
 

Francis Bacon	charters	Renaissance	compass
Phillip VI	guilds	Petrarch	astrolabe
Feudalism	Burghers	Sforza	double-entry bookkeeping
fief	commune	Leonardo da Vinci	joint stock company
manorialism	Lombard League	Michelangelo	Cheng Ho
serfs	Hanseatic League	Raphael	Pax Mogolica
pluralism	Gregory VII	Titian	"second sex"
laborare est orare	Innocent III	printing press	"inside work"
monasteries	unam sanctum	Medresseh's	dowry
"three-field system"	Clement V	Katib Chelebi	nuns
harness	Avignon	Crusades	ward
horseshoe	"Dark Age"	Vasco da Gama	Book of Trades
mills	Christianized	Bernal Diaz	The Art of Courtly Love
Domesday  Book	trivium	Stern Rudder
Black Death	quadrivium	Lateen Rig

discussion questions:

1. Discuss the transformation from the medieval to the revolutionary world in Europe.

2. Discuss the impact of technology on that transformation.

3. How did the transformation change the role of Europe in the World?

Chapter 15
Terms:
 
 

Kalahari	Benin	Sunni Ali
Savannas	Ghana	Askia Mohammed
Sahara	Mali	Leo Africanus
Igbos	Sudan	Berbers
Tanzania	Oil Palm	Almarovids
Meroe	Cowpea	Monomotapa
Bantu	Guinea Yam	Kilwa
San	University of Sankore	Zambezi
Pygmies	Songhay	Sidjimasa
Nok	Mansa Musa

Discussion Questions:

1. Compare and contrast the development of African empires to the empires of Eurasia.

2. Discuss the role of Islam in African empires.

3. Analyze the importance of towns and trade to African civilization.

Chapter 16
Terms:
 
 

Amazon	Northwest Coast	Cuzco
Plata	Mesoamerica	Quetzalcoatl
Mississippi	Amaranth	Cherokee
St. Lawrence	Maize	Navajo
Bering Sea	Manioc	Chippewa
Eskimos	Mayan	Sioux
Land Bridge	Aztec	Aborigines
Yukon	Chinampas	Monotremes
Great Plains	Tenochtitlan	Marsupials
Eastern Woodlands	Incas	eucalyptus

Discussion Questions:

1.Analyze the rise of civilizations in the Americas.

2. Compare and contrast the Mayan, Incan, and Aztec civilizations to those of Eurasia.

3. Discuss the cultural diversity of pre-columbian North America.
 

Chapter 18
Terms:
 

Ottoman Empire	Sunnite
Manzikert	Abbus I
Uthman	Mogul
Bogomils	Babur
Sofia	Akbar
Sulieman the Magnificent	Matchlock Muskets
Safavid	Avrangzeb
Il-Khans	Din Ilahi
Shah Ismail	Busbecq
Shiite	Selim II

Discussion Questions:

1. Discuss the role of religion in the rise of the Ottoman Empire.

2. Analyze the rise and fall of the great Moslem Empires.

3. Discuss the role of trade in the Moslem Empires.

Chapter 19 :
Terms:
 

Yangtze River	Nerchinsk
Shang	Kiakhta
Zhou	"Insolent Barbarians"
Ch' in	Yamato Clan
Han	Tokugawa Shogunate
Tang	Ainu
Sung	Seii-Tai-Shogun
Yuan	Ieyasu
Ming	Chu Hsi
Macao	Francis Xavier , S. J.

Discussion Questions:

1. Discuss the significance of China's dynastic cycles.

2. Discuss the trade relationships between China and the West.

3. Analyze the factors involved in the expansion of Chinese culture to Japan.

4. Discuss the role of the Shogunate in Japanese History.

Chapter 20:
Terms:
 

Modernization	"Babylonian Captivity"
Renaissance	"New Monarchs"
Sforza	Leo X
Leon Battista Alberti	Martin Luther
Petrarch	John Wycliffe
Giotto	Edict of Worms
Massacio	Schmaldic League
Codex Hammer	Peace of Augsburg
Albrecht Durer	John Calvin
Hans Holbein The Younger	Henry VIII
Peter Breughel	Huguenots
Cervantes	St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
Don Quixote	Pope Paul III
Rabelais	St. Ignatius of Loyola
Montaigne	Council of Trent
Academie Francaise	Society of Jesus
"Renaissance Men"	Index
Katib Chelebi
Reformation

Discussion Questions:

1. Define and discuss the engines of change in the Renaissance and Reformation Eras.

2. Discuss the Legacy of the Renaissance.

3. Analyze the factors which led to the Reformation.

Chapter 21:
Terms:
 

Black Death	Joint-Stock Companies
Horseshoes	East India Co.
Horse Collar	Levant Co.
Lynn White, Jr.	Muscouy Co.
Cardinal Bessarion	"New Monarchs"
Magnetic Compass	The Prince
Columbus	Nicolo Machiavelli
Florin	Thirty Years' War
Capitalism	Treaty of Westphalia
Fuggers	Santa Maria

Discussion:
1. Analyze the role of technology in the transition from the Medieval to the Modern world.

2. Analyze the role of commerce in the transition from the Medieval to the Modern world.

3. Discuss the evaluation of new dynastic styles in the early modern period.

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