THE AGE OF THE REFORMATION
Worksheet 6: Jensen, Ch. 5 The English Reformation
Essential Question: What were the causes of the English Reformation
and what were its principal stages?
| 1. |
Clergymen, Reformers, and Humanists |
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What were the chief complaints against the English clergy? What
reputation did English ecclesiastical courts "enjoy"? What were the
basic teachings of the Lollards and on whose ideas did they build?
What role did mysticism play in weakening the sacramental understanding
of the church? Who were the two principal Christian humanists in
England and what was their program of reform? How did most of the
English humanists greet Luther's ideas? For what is Tyndale famous?
Whose ideas most influenced the English reformers? What was the fate
of most the of the early English reformers? How did Cardinal Thomas
Wolsey "prepare" the way for the reformation in England?
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| 2. |
Henry VIII and the Divorce Controversy |
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What was the unique factor in the English Reformation? Why was
Henry VIII and Pope Clement VII such "natural allies"? What considerations
prevented Pope Clement VII from granting Henry VIII's request for an annulment?
What were Henry VIII's grounds for seeking an annulment and what was his
political rational? How did Cardinal Wolsey's failure mark an end
to the "old system"?
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| 3. |
The Break with Rome |
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Who replaced Wolsey and one what condition? How did Henry VIII
seek to pressure Clement VII? Why did this policy fail? How
did the personalities of Thomas Cranmer and Thomas Cromwell differ?
What roles did each play? What pretext did Henry VIII use against the papacy
in 1531? What event precipitated Thomas More's resignation as chancellor?
Why did Henry VIII secretly marry Anne Boleyn?
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| 4. |
Reign by Statute and Terror |
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How did the English people greet the news of Henry's divorce? How did
Henry deal with his opposition? In what way were the acts of the
Refromation Parliament of 1534 significant in constitutional history?
Why were John Fisher and Thomas More arrested and what was their fate?
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| 5. |
The Henrician Reformation Completed |
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What other key problem faced Henry VIII's government, and how did Thomas
Cromwell attempt to solve it? What issue motived the revolt of the
Pilgrimage of Grace? What was its fate? What was the attitude
of the English people toward the Henrician Reformation? Which groups
profited from the dissolution of the monasteries and how did this tie them
further to the crown?
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| 6. |
The Last Decade of Henry's Rule |
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What were Thomas Cromwell's chief accomplishments? What were
his main difficulties in retaining power? Why did Henry marry Anne
of Cleves? What led to Thomas Cromwell's fall from power? Why
were Henry's last six and a half years so disasterous for England?
In what area did Henry most miss Cromwell's expertise?
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| 7. |
The Reformation under Edward VI |
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What was the single achievement of Somerset's regency of Edward VI?
Besides Edward Seymour, duke of Somerset, who else favored a more protestant
turn in the English reformation? Adherents to which continental reformer
had the greatest impact upon the English reformers' thinking at this time?
What was Archbishop Cranmer's view of reform and the Eucharist? How
was the Edwardian Reformation achieved? What principles guided the
first Book of Common Prayer? What was the attitude toward the liturgy
and scripture? What accounts for the rapid rise in Protestant doctrine
in English reform? What factors led to the demise of the duke of
Somerset? What type of man was John Dudley and what was his religious
policy? In what sense was the English Reformation now distinctly
Protestant after 1552? How does Dudley attempt to seize control as
Edward sickens and dies? Why isn't he successful?
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| 8. |
Queen Mary and the Catholic Restoration |
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Whose dauther was Queen Mary I? What personal and political difficulties
did she face? How did Mary attempt to restore England to the
Catholic fold? Why did her marriage result in widespread opposition?
How did Mary deal with vocal opponents? How did the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis
mark a watershed in the political fortunes of Europe?
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