| 1. |
Focus Question: What factors prompted the Industrial
Revolution? |
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When did the industrial revolution begin in Europe? How
did the Industrial revolution result in Europe and America achieving economic
and military domination of the rest of the world? What development
has changed the world more than any other development in the last two centuries?
What distinguished the economic growth of the industrial revolution from
previous economic growth? What were the achievements of the European
Industrial Revolution of the 18th century? |
| 2. |
Focus Questions: What "advantages" did Britain have in becoming
the first nation to develop an industrial revolution? How did it
start and spread? |
|
Why did Great Britain take the lead in the industrial revolution?
Where did the term "industrial revolution" originate? In what sense
was it a revolution? With what industry did the industrial revolution begin?
In what setting did the "revolution" begin? What fact produced the large
demand for textiles in Britain? What had been the impact of James
Kay's invention of the flying shuttle? What production bottleneck
did the "spinning jenny" overcome? What invention took the
cotton textile manufacture out of the home and put it into the factory?
Why was this the case? By 1815, what percentage of the value of British domestic exports did cotton cloth represent? |
| 3. |
Focus Question: How does steam power change nature
of the industrial revolution? |
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What were the advantages of the steam engine over other previous types
of energy sources? In which industry was steam engines first applied?
Why was iron production basic to modern industrial development? What
was the production level of iron in Britain in the early 18th century and
how did it compare to British production in the early decades of the 19th
century? |
| 4. |
Focus Question: How do cities change during this period and
what produces these changes? |
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Between 1500 and 1750, where was urban growth greatest? why?
After 1750, how did this pattern change? why? Between 1600 and 1750,
which urban areas experienced the most growth? What were the chief social
divisions in the cities of the 18th and 19th centuries? Why did the
middle class often collide with the aristocracy during the 18th century?
How did the middle class feel toward the lower classes? why? Which
groups made up the lower classes? Which people constituted the largest
single group in the cities? What role did the guilds play in the life of
its members by the 18th century? |
| 5. |
Focus Question: How does the fate of Jews in the 18th century
reflect the change in the mentality and structure of European society? |
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Where did the vast majority of European Jews live? How were they
generally regarded in the countries in which they lived? In which
country did they mix in the mainstream of society? What jobs did
Jews tend to hold? What was the basis for the discrimination against
the Jews? What factor put pressure on all institutions throughout the world?
How did Europe compare to the rest of the world in the 18th century? What
factors meant that society of the 18th century stood at the close of one
era of European history and the beginning of another? |