| Review Sheet 5 | EUROPEAN STATE BUILDING -- ENGLAND, FRANCE AND RUSSIA |
| pp. 486-492 |
| 1. | Focus Question: How and why did the English and French proceed along different pathways towards centralized government? |
| Why were the kings of England unable to establish an absolute monarchy in the manner of the French? What role did military expenditures have in this process? In what sense did the French kings "compromise" with their nobility? How did religious, personality, and social factors effect the political destinies of England and France? | |
| 2. | Focus Question: What issues brought the Stuart kings into conflict with Parliament? What was the source of royal strength, of parliamentary strength? |
| What dynasty replaced the Tudors in England? Between 1603 and 1714, how did religion and politics merge to produce a conflict between king and Parliament in England? What problems did James I of England face as king? Over what issues did James I of England conflict with Parliament? Why did Charles I dismiss Parliament in 1629? How did Charles I manage to rule without the financial assistance of Parliament? Why did Charles I recall Parliament in 1640 after a lapse of 11 years? What prevented Charles I from ruling as an absolute monarch? What were the major accomplishments of the Long Parliament? | |
| 3. | Focus Question: Why did England become a Protectorate under Oliver Cromwell? What was the nature of the Glorious Revolution and how did it "settle" the issues between king and parliament? |
| What issues divided the members of Parliament? What was the chief factor that distinguished the two groups that fought on different sides of the "Civil War"?What two factors led to the victory of Parliament over the king? Was the Puritan republic under Oliver Cromwell really a republic? What was the basis of Cromwell's rule and how successful was it? What policy of Charles II brought him into conflict with Parliament? Why was James II overthrown? What was the Glorious Revolution and why did it take place? What was the goal of James II's domestic policies? What "traditional liberties" did William of Orange preserve? What kind of settlement emerged from the revolution? How did the German Hanoverian dynasty come the throne in England? | |
| 4. | Focus Question: How was England in 1600 different from England in 1700? |
| What was the character of England under Walpole? What was the real source of Walpole's power? Which group dominated England during the 18th century? What factors contributed to making British political life freer than that on the Continent? What two aspects of British development contributed to making Britain a world power during the 18th century? | |
| 5. | Focus Question: To what extent does France become an absolute monarchy, and how do the religious and foreign policy of Louis XIV reflect the goals of his reign? |
| How did Louis XIV maintain absolute rule in France? What was the court life at Versailles like, and what was its function? Was it a positive or negative factor in the vitality of France and the monarchy? Why was war considered a positive means of state craft during the 17th century? What was the economic and political condition of France in the 1660s? What purpose did war serve in maintaining royal power? Why did Louis XIV revoke the Edict of Nantes? | |
| 6. | Focus Question: How did Peter the Great transform Russia into a major power? What impact did this have on the rest of Europe? |
| What was Russia's relationship to the rest of Europe prior to Peter
the Great? Which dynasty ruled Russia after 1613? What experience
convinced Peter that the position of the tsar had to be made secure? What
was the ultimate goal of his reforms? Which "general areas of concern"
did he attempt reform? How did Peter the Great weaken the Strelsy and Boyars?To what extent was he successful?
In what areas was he less successful? What model did he use to restructure
his bureaucracy? What were his economic policies? What was
Peter's military goal? What was the importance of his founding of
St. Petersburg? How did the Great Northern War (1700-1721) change
the fate of Russia and Sweden? Why was Russia unstable after Peter's
death in 1725?
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Petition of Rights Grand Remonstrance of 1641 absolutism Glorious Revolution Romanov Dynasty |