| 1. |
Focus Question: What were the strengths and weaknesses
of Japan and China as they faced Western imperialism? |
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Which nation began to modernize
first, Japan or China? In the 18th century trade between Britain,
China and India, which country had the economic advantage? What products were traded? When did the British begin trading opium with China? Where did the British get their opium?
What were the provisions of the Treaty of Nanking? What was the result of the war of 1856 -1860 between Britain and China?
Which nation was encroaching on China from the north during much ofthe
19th century? |
| 2. |
Focus Question: What internal problems did China face
during this period and how did it attempt to solve them? |
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Which three great rebellions threatened Manchu rule between 1850-1873?
How many people died during this period, directly or indirectly due to
war? What was the source of Taiping ideology? What were the weaknesses
of the Taiping movement? Which rebellion began as an association
of bandits that eventually built an army and lived by raiding the countryside?
How did the Ch'ing government eventually overcome the rebellions? Who (which leaders) really directed China during the period of "self-strengthening? What was China's military position in regards
to the west in 1900 in comparison to 1842? What was the main goal
of the Chinese empress dowager after 1884? " In what areas was "self-strengthening" attempted? What were the economic effects of the treaty ports and
of Western imperialism on China? Why? What accommodation was reached
by the Chinese court and the Westerners during the 1870s? What was
the result of China's conquest of the New Territories and its treaty with
Russia in 1881? What Western power gained control of Vietnam during
the 19th century? What prompted the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895? |
| 3. |
Focus Question: How did China react to its defeat by Japan
in 1895 and its weakness before the Western powers? |
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How did China react to its defeat in 1895? Why did the reform
efforts fail? What was the response of the Western powers to China's
defeat in 1895? Why did the United States support an "open door"
policy? Why did the Boxers revolt? What impact did their defeat
have in the Chinese court? What educational and military and
political reforms occurred? What "ism" most influenced the young Chinese
gentry joining the military? What sparked the revolution of 1911? Which group won?
Why did the revolution fail to achieve stable peace? |
| 4. |
Focus Question: Why do the Communists succeed in taking power
in China? |
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What was the May Fourth Movement? What sentiments were strongest during this period? What was the appeal of Leninism in China? To whom did Sun Yat-sen
turn to help to organize his party? What were the three principles of the people? Which group provided the "quicksilver" element for change? The Communists and Kuomintang had
cooperated to overthrow the warlords, what ended this cooperation?
Where did the power of Jiang Jieshi (Chiang) rest? What event ultimately
led to the weakening of Kuomintang power and the assent of the Communists
in China? What policies and menthods did the Communists use that made them better at attracting peasant support than the Kuomintang? Where did Jiang flee after the defeat of his forces on mainland China? |