| REVIEW SHEET 2 | EARLY CIVILIZATIONS AND EMPIRES IN NEAR EAST TO ABOUT 1000 |
| pgs. 7-16 | |
| 1. | Focus Question: How did Mesopotamian civilization develop and what contributions did it make to subsequent civilizations? |
| What invention signaled the transition from pre-history to history? Who were the first people to develop civilization? To which linguistic group did the Akkadians belong? What does the code of Hammurabi reveal about the nature of Amorite/Old Babylonian society? What were the principal inventions of the Sumerians? What was the nature of the gods and religion of Sumeria? How did they relate to their gods? What was the status of women and what rights did they have under the law? What was the main source of slaves in most of Mesopotamian history? In what sense was Mesopotamian slavery enlightened? | |
| 2. | Focus Question: What factors favored the rise to Egyptian civilization and how do the various kingdoms differ? |
| How did geography affect Egyptian civilization and religious outlook? How does Egyptian literature compare to Mesopotamian writings? What position did the king (pharaoh) hold in Egyptian religion? During which kingdom (Old, Middle, or New) were the pyramids built, what does this indicate? In the Middle Kingdom, how and why was the power of the pharaohs' different from that which they enjoyed during the Old Kingdom? What role did the pharaohs emphasize during the MK? What factors brought the MK to an end? What did Egyptian contact with the Hyksos inspire? Which empire first checked the growth of Egyptian power during the New Kingdom? What political reasons could have motivated Akhnaton's reforms? Why did the religious reforms of Akhnaton fail to take root? How did the concept of "immortality" change over time in Egypt? What was the main role of women in Egyptian society? What legal protections did they enjoy? What was the role of slaves in Egypt and from where did they generally come? | |
| 3. | Focus Question: How did new peoples spread Mesopotamian culture and how did they enrich it? |
| Where did the Kassities, Hittites and Mitanni establish their empires? What technological advance is attributed to the Hittites? What role did the Hittites and Kassities play in the transmission of culture? What factors led to the rise and success of the Assyrian empire? In what respect was the Assyrian Empire different from earlier empires? What methods did the Assyrians use to control their empire? Why did the Assyrian Empire collapse? Who were the Neo-Babylonians and where did they establish an empire? | |
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