| REVIEW SHEET 1 | HUMAN CULTURE AS EVOLUTIONARY ADAPTATION |
| pp. 06-07 |
| 1. | Focus Question: How has the development of civilizations fit in with the sweep of human history? |
| When did humans first begin cultivating plants, herding animals and making pottery? How is it spread? When and where did villages first become towns? What is culture? | |
| 2. | Focus Question: How and why has the human species become "civilized"? |
| How do anthropologists designate early human cultures? How long did the old stone age last? How did people live during the old stone age? When did human beings begin to domesticate plants and animals, and what impact did it have on human social organization? When did civilizations first appear and what factors fostered their development? What impact did civilization have on the division of labor and goods? Why is "culture" so important in the survival of the human species? | |
| 3. | Focus Question: What were the principle social and economic characteristics of the Paleolithic Age? |
| What are the dates of the Paleolithic Age? What were the principal achievements of the Paleolithic Age? How old is humankind's religious sense? Why did Paleolithic peoples migrate? How was labor divided during the Paleolithic? Which sex was probably responsible for the discovery of many of the insights that led to agriculture? What characteristics distinguish the Paleolithic from the Neolithic period? | |
| 4. | Focus Question: What were the principal social and economic characteristics of the Neolithic Age? |
| In what areas did the domestication of grain and animals occur? Why did Neolithic peoples settle? Why was the invention of pottery during the Neolithic important? Why did agriculturalists tend to have larger families than hunter gatherers? Why would animal domestication have been so important to the development of settled communities in the Middle East? In which geographical areas did the first Neolithic societies appear? On which crops did each of these societies depend? | |
| 5. | Focus Question: How did Neolithic agricultural villages differ from cities? |
| Where did the first urban centers arise? How did they differ from the Neolithic agricultural villages? When approximately was writing invented? For what purpose was the early writing used? What are the attributes of the form of human culture known as "civilization"? Which metal is identified with the beginning of civilization?
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