Logical questions are concerned with the relation between the beliefs or "conclusions" a philosopher asserts and the reasons or evidence given to support such conclusions.

When a process of reason is expressed in language, we call it a rational "argument".

Logic thus can be considered the study of criteia for appraising or evaluating arguments.  It asks if any proposed argument is a "strong" or a "weak" argument, and what are the criteria for determining this.

When we ask if the reasons or arguments given to support the conclusion really do support that conclusion, we are raising a question in logic.

Logic includes such questions as the following:

• What is the nature of a rational argument?
• What different sorts of arguments are there?
• What are the criteria of a good argument?
• Can we know if the conclusion of an argument  follows from the reasons given? Does it follow necessarily, or only probably?
• Does a good argument always have a true conclusion?
• Are the different views a philosopher asserts logically consistent with each other?
• How does a philosopher support his/her views with good rational arguments?